Solid Acid Catalysts for the Hock Cleavage of Hydroperoxides

The oxidation of cumene and following cleavage hydroperoxide (CHP) with sulfuric acid (Hock rearrangement) is still, by far, the dominant synthetic route to produce phenol. In 2020, global phenol market reached a value 23.3 billion US$ projected compound annual growth rate 3.4% for 2020–2025. From ecological economical viewpoints, key step this process CHP. One sought-after way likewise reduce energy consumption waste production substitute heterogeneous catalysts. Different types zeolites, silicon-based clays, heteropoly acids, ion exchange resins have been investigated tested in various studies. For every type these solid catalysts, several materials were found that show high yield selectivity mini-review, first brief introduction overview on Hock given. Next, mechanism, kinetics, safety aspects are summarized discussed. Following, different catalysts their performance as catalyst illustrated. Finally, approaches briefly concluded short outlook